「一個人的武林」如何解? 台積電給台灣一 - 工程師
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By Ingrid
at 2020-11-03T07:19
at 2020-11-03T07:19
Table of Contents
※ [本文轉錄自 cjol 信箱]
作者: Limoncy (Lab nerd) 看板: Stock
標題: [新聞] 「一個人的武林」如何解? 台積電給台灣一
時間: Mon Nov 2 17:12:12 2020
1.原文連結:
https://news.sina.com.tw/article/20201102/36759442.html
2.原文內容:
「一個人的武林」如何解? 台積電給台灣一個無法迴避的選項
台灣資本市場近年來形成台積電獨霸,並出現「一個人的武林」困境,根據台灣董事學會
的分析,台股市值最大的台積電,在2005年佔總市值9%,2019年底已提高至22%,成長
幅度驚人。但若扣除台積電後,其餘企業整體市值的複合成長率(CAGR)實際只有2%。
此外,十月底央行舉行第三季理監事會議,也提醒近來台灣出口表現不錯,但出口產品及
出口地區集中度創下二十年來新高,未來容易受國際特定產業或地區經濟變動影響。尤其
民間投資逾三成來自資本設備進口的貢獻,半導體設備進口占資本設備進口超過四成,一
旦半導體產業邁入景氣循環低谷,將不利民間投資成長,宜思考如何引導國內其他產業投
資,避免過度集中半導體等特定產業。
在這兩則重磅新聞中,同時指出台灣的產業及股市過度偏重半導體及台積電,對於台灣產
業發展來說已成為一個重要議題,很值得進一步討論。
首先,台灣確實不應該讓產業發展只偏重在少數產業,但是,今天會形成這個結果,不是
半導體產業的問題,而是其他產業發展得不夠好,因此,問題不在台積電太大,而是其他
產業太小。
若比較國內電子業的附加價值率,台積電歸類的半導體業,近幾年都比其他電腦電子零組
件及光學產業還要高,這個差異的主因在於,半導體業的製造及研發幾乎都放在台灣,但
其他產業則非如此,從二千年起大部分工廠都搬至海外,其中以中國大陸占比最大。
這種生產線的大遷移,形成產業「轉進」而非「轉型」,主要目的是利用大陸低成本的競
爭條件,結果造成大部分非半導體企業,研發技術實力提升有限,大多以低價代工模式取
勝。
若細分半導體產業分項,台積電幾乎把生產線及研發都集中在台灣,聯發科也把研發人員
及技術開發都放在台灣,均是靠研發及技術力取勝,至於封裝測試業由於較偏人力密集產
業,因此也有部分產線放在大陸及東南亞,但台灣也保有不小的生產量,這也讓半導體業
除了在成本優勢外,還建立起較高的技術障礙。
不過,本文想談的是,雖然台積電是鎮國之寶,半導體業也造就了台灣無比的競爭力,但
以台灣今日的產業現況來看,確實不宜把所有資源都放在一個產業,資源有限的台灣,也
承擔不起半導體業太過度密集的投資。
例如以人才來說,如今市值已逼近全球十強之列的台積電,主要員工都還是來自台灣,但
如果對比其他同等級企業,有那家公司不是在全球布局並向全球徵才?那家公司的員工組
成不是類似聯合國?
以台積電目前在南科的大量買地與投資,已經成為南部研發人才的大吸盤,至於下階段更
大的人力需求將來自明年會落成的新竹寶山研發中心,預計要招募七千名研發人員,但計
算台交清成等國內頂尖大學的電子電機相關科系畢業生,恐怕累積三年的畢業生全部給台
積電都不夠用。
近來台積電有一位來自中國大陸的技術發展副總經理曹敏,正式取得台灣政府通過的高級
專業人才,並歸化為台灣籍,這是相當好的示範。對台積電來說,未來需要更多類似的案
例,招收其他國家的優秀人才,已成為公司最優先的任務了。
此外,台積電目前近95%的生產工廠都放在台灣,僅在美、中兩國擁有小規模的廠房,雖
然在台灣生產有絕對的比較優勢,但台灣終究是一個小島,人才、土地、水、電等資源都
有限,台積電生產線需要往海外發展的壓力,將會愈來愈明顯。
以用電量為例,南科七、五奈米大量生產後,用電量大幅攀升,光南科廠年用電量就達70
億度電,比苗栗縣用量還高,統計台積電2019年用電量已占全台灣4.9%,在新廠不斷加入
量產後,預料很快就會達到全台灣一成的用電量。
此外,企業對再生能源的要求日益提高,台積電去年總用電量143.3億度電,但台灣再生
能源發電量僅140.5億度,全部給台積電用都不夠,台積電目前已與沃旭兩坐風電場簽下
20年使用合約,預計2050年用電要全部改成再生能源,這對整個再生能源的發展將是極為
重要的指標。
近幾年國內離岸風電與太陽能的投資金額相當大,政府積極推動綠電也是一條難以迴避的
道路,但是若未來半導體產業或台積電佔掉太大比例,恐怕也可能排擠到其他產業的發展
,這是遲早都要面對的困境與選擇。
因此,從各項指標來看,台灣地方確實很小,資源人才都有限,台積電如今已發展為國際
級企業,台灣若要傾全國之力來支持台積電,恐怕會愈來愈吃力,台灣完全沒有美中這種
大國家的環境與條件,也比不上日、韓這種中大型國家的資源,台積電如何分散未來單壓
台灣的風險,也成為考驗經營團隊相當重要的課題。
因此,台積電今年五月宣布到美國亞歷桑那州設廠,與其說是美國要求,倒不如說台積電
本身就有這個需求,而且恐怕要更加速推動才行,因為赴美設廠除了就近服務客戶外,還
可以分散台灣過重的生產負擔,並取得優秀人才等好處。
台灣真地很幸運,能夠出現一家台積電,這是各國都求之不得的事,也是台灣之光、全民
之福,但台灣太小、資源太缺乏,要舉一國之力支撐這個龐大的事業,恐怕力有未殆。因
此,台灣要守護台積電,不是把台積電綁在台灣,而是應該讓台積電更大步地走向世界,
進行更大格局的國際布局,這是台積電難以迴避的選項,也是未來最大的挑戰。
3.心得/評論:
本文指出台灣未來將不足以支應台積電所需的資源,應趁早規畫,並釋出資源給其他產業,大家覺得呢?
--
作者: Limoncy (Lab nerd) 看板: Stock
標題: [新聞] 「一個人的武林」如何解? 台積電給台灣一
時間: Mon Nov 2 17:12:12 2020
1.原文連結:
https://news.sina.com.tw/article/20201102/36759442.html
2.原文內容:
「一個人的武林」如何解? 台積電給台灣一個無法迴避的選項
台灣資本市場近年來形成台積電獨霸,並出現「一個人的武林」困境,根據台灣董事學會
的分析,台股市值最大的台積電,在2005年佔總市值9%,2019年底已提高至22%,成長
幅度驚人。但若扣除台積電後,其餘企業整體市值的複合成長率(CAGR)實際只有2%。
此外,十月底央行舉行第三季理監事會議,也提醒近來台灣出口表現不錯,但出口產品及
出口地區集中度創下二十年來新高,未來容易受國際特定產業或地區經濟變動影響。尤其
民間投資逾三成來自資本設備進口的貢獻,半導體設備進口占資本設備進口超過四成,一
旦半導體產業邁入景氣循環低谷,將不利民間投資成長,宜思考如何引導國內其他產業投
資,避免過度集中半導體等特定產業。
在這兩則重磅新聞中,同時指出台灣的產業及股市過度偏重半導體及台積電,對於台灣產
業發展來說已成為一個重要議題,很值得進一步討論。
首先,台灣確實不應該讓產業發展只偏重在少數產業,但是,今天會形成這個結果,不是
半導體產業的問題,而是其他產業發展得不夠好,因此,問題不在台積電太大,而是其他
產業太小。
若比較國內電子業的附加價值率,台積電歸類的半導體業,近幾年都比其他電腦電子零組
件及光學產業還要高,這個差異的主因在於,半導體業的製造及研發幾乎都放在台灣,但
其他產業則非如此,從二千年起大部分工廠都搬至海外,其中以中國大陸占比最大。
這種生產線的大遷移,形成產業「轉進」而非「轉型」,主要目的是利用大陸低成本的競
爭條件,結果造成大部分非半導體企業,研發技術實力提升有限,大多以低價代工模式取
勝。
若細分半導體產業分項,台積電幾乎把生產線及研發都集中在台灣,聯發科也把研發人員
及技術開發都放在台灣,均是靠研發及技術力取勝,至於封裝測試業由於較偏人力密集產
業,因此也有部分產線放在大陸及東南亞,但台灣也保有不小的生產量,這也讓半導體業
除了在成本優勢外,還建立起較高的技術障礙。
不過,本文想談的是,雖然台積電是鎮國之寶,半導體業也造就了台灣無比的競爭力,但
以台灣今日的產業現況來看,確實不宜把所有資源都放在一個產業,資源有限的台灣,也
承擔不起半導體業太過度密集的投資。
例如以人才來說,如今市值已逼近全球十強之列的台積電,主要員工都還是來自台灣,但
如果對比其他同等級企業,有那家公司不是在全球布局並向全球徵才?那家公司的員工組
成不是類似聯合國?
以台積電目前在南科的大量買地與投資,已經成為南部研發人才的大吸盤,至於下階段更
大的人力需求將來自明年會落成的新竹寶山研發中心,預計要招募七千名研發人員,但計
算台交清成等國內頂尖大學的電子電機相關科系畢業生,恐怕累積三年的畢業生全部給台
積電都不夠用。
近來台積電有一位來自中國大陸的技術發展副總經理曹敏,正式取得台灣政府通過的高級
專業人才,並歸化為台灣籍,這是相當好的示範。對台積電來說,未來需要更多類似的案
例,招收其他國家的優秀人才,已成為公司最優先的任務了。
此外,台積電目前近95%的生產工廠都放在台灣,僅在美、中兩國擁有小規模的廠房,雖
然在台灣生產有絕對的比較優勢,但台灣終究是一個小島,人才、土地、水、電等資源都
有限,台積電生產線需要往海外發展的壓力,將會愈來愈明顯。
以用電量為例,南科七、五奈米大量生產後,用電量大幅攀升,光南科廠年用電量就達70
億度電,比苗栗縣用量還高,統計台積電2019年用電量已占全台灣4.9%,在新廠不斷加入
量產後,預料很快就會達到全台灣一成的用電量。
此外,企業對再生能源的要求日益提高,台積電去年總用電量143.3億度電,但台灣再生
能源發電量僅140.5億度,全部給台積電用都不夠,台積電目前已與沃旭兩坐風電場簽下
20年使用合約,預計2050年用電要全部改成再生能源,這對整個再生能源的發展將是極為
重要的指標。
近幾年國內離岸風電與太陽能的投資金額相當大,政府積極推動綠電也是一條難以迴避的
道路,但是若未來半導體產業或台積電佔掉太大比例,恐怕也可能排擠到其他產業的發展
,這是遲早都要面對的困境與選擇。
因此,從各項指標來看,台灣地方確實很小,資源人才都有限,台積電如今已發展為國際
級企業,台灣若要傾全國之力來支持台積電,恐怕會愈來愈吃力,台灣完全沒有美中這種
大國家的環境與條件,也比不上日、韓這種中大型國家的資源,台積電如何分散未來單壓
台灣的風險,也成為考驗經營團隊相當重要的課題。
因此,台積電今年五月宣布到美國亞歷桑那州設廠,與其說是美國要求,倒不如說台積電
本身就有這個需求,而且恐怕要更加速推動才行,因為赴美設廠除了就近服務客戶外,還
可以分散台灣過重的生產負擔,並取得優秀人才等好處。
台灣真地很幸運,能夠出現一家台積電,這是各國都求之不得的事,也是台灣之光、全民
之福,但台灣太小、資源太缺乏,要舉一國之力支撐這個龐大的事業,恐怕力有未殆。因
此,台灣要守護台積電,不是把台積電綁在台灣,而是應該讓台積電更大步地走向世界,
進行更大格局的國際布局,這是台積電難以迴避的選項,也是未來最大的挑戰。
3.心得/評論:
本文指出台灣未來將不足以支應台積電所需的資源,應趁早規畫,並釋出資源給其他產業,大家覺得呢?
--
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工程師
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
By Joe
at 2020-12-20T12:51
at 2020-12-20T12:51

By Olivia
at 2020-12-21T12:05
at 2020-12-21T12:05

By Audriana
at 2020-12-22T11:21
at 2020-12-22T11:21

By Anonymous
at 2020-12-26T09:44
at 2020-12-26T09:44

By Joe
at 2020-12-26T16:29
at 2020-12-26T16:29

By George
at 2020-12-28T07:00
at 2020-12-28T07:00

By Joe
at 2020-12-29T09:42
at 2020-12-29T09:42

By Leila
at 2021-01-02T10:06
at 2021-01-02T10:06

By Madame
at 2021-01-07T04:04
at 2021-01-07T04:04

By James
at 2021-01-07T17:54
at 2021-01-07T17:54

By Lily
at 2021-01-09T20:54
at 2021-01-09T20:54

By Skylar Davis
at 2021-01-14T05:13
at 2021-01-14T05:13

By Lily
at 2021-01-17T11:31
at 2021-01-17T11:31

By Yedda
at 2021-01-19T23:42
at 2021-01-19T23:42

By Dinah
at 2021-01-20T03:34
at 2021-01-20T03:34

By Ina
at 2021-01-22T05:16
at 2021-01-22T05:16

By Leila
at 2021-01-22T15:30
at 2021-01-22T15:30

By Kama
at 2021-01-24T11:18
at 2021-01-24T11:18

By Edward Lewis
at 2021-01-26T23:46
at 2021-01-26T23:46

By Ivy
at 2021-01-29T01:08
at 2021-01-29T01:08

By Hedwig
at 2021-01-31T06:03
at 2021-01-31T06:03

By Caitlin
at 2021-02-03T04:02
at 2021-02-03T04:02

By Jack
at 2021-02-06T09:25
at 2021-02-06T09:25

By Tom
at 2021-02-07T08:47
at 2021-02-07T08:47

By Hedda
at 2021-02-10T01:23
at 2021-02-10T01:23

By Anthony
at 2021-02-10T22:45
at 2021-02-10T22:45

By Michael
at 2021-02-11T14:15
at 2021-02-11T14:15

By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2021-02-11T21:59
at 2021-02-11T21:59

By Hedda
at 2021-02-13T20:13
at 2021-02-13T20:13

By Erin
at 2021-02-17T21:29
at 2021-02-17T21:29

By Elizabeth
at 2021-02-19T09:46
at 2021-02-19T09:46

By Damian
at 2021-02-20T20:18
at 2021-02-20T20:18

By Zenobia
at 2021-02-25T06:45
at 2021-02-25T06:45

By Rebecca
at 2021-02-28T05:52
at 2021-02-28T05:52

By Ethan
at 2021-03-03T17:39
at 2021-03-03T17:39

By Heather
at 2021-03-06T12:10
at 2021-03-06T12:10

By Jacky
at 2021-03-10T11:13
at 2021-03-10T11:13

By Belly
at 2021-03-14T12:48
at 2021-03-14T12:48

By Agnes
at 2021-03-16T13:52
at 2021-03-16T13:52

By Kyle
at 2021-03-19T22:49
at 2021-03-19T22:49

By Kyle
at 2021-03-21T15:29
at 2021-03-21T15:29

By Hardy
at 2021-03-24T12:33
at 2021-03-24T12:33

By Agatha
at 2021-03-26T15:27
at 2021-03-26T15:27

By Olivia
at 2021-03-29T17:40
at 2021-03-29T17:40

By Skylar Davis
at 2021-03-31T22:36
at 2021-03-31T22:36

By Edward Lewis
at 2021-04-04T09:56
at 2021-04-04T09:56

By Edwina
at 2021-04-08T10:11
at 2021-04-08T10:11

By Agatha
at 2021-04-11T15:30
at 2021-04-11T15:30

By Genevieve
at 2021-04-13T13:32
at 2021-04-13T13:32

By Eartha
at 2021-04-17T09:32
at 2021-04-17T09:32

By Hedwig
at 2021-04-21T12:45
at 2021-04-21T12:45

By Jessica
at 2021-04-23T08:00
at 2021-04-23T08:00

By Franklin
at 2021-04-24T16:19
at 2021-04-24T16:19

By Liam
at 2021-04-27T11:19
at 2021-04-27T11:19

By Kyle
at 2021-04-29T15:43
at 2021-04-29T15:43

By Oscar
at 2021-05-03T20:19
at 2021-05-03T20:19

By Valerie
at 2021-05-07T18:20
at 2021-05-07T18:20

By Sandy
at 2021-05-12T05:32
at 2021-05-12T05:32

By Rae
at 2021-05-13T04:15
at 2021-05-13T04:15

By Puput
at 2021-05-16T08:16
at 2021-05-16T08:16

By Andy
at 2021-05-18T16:19
at 2021-05-18T16:19

By Skylar Davis
at 2021-05-20T18:51
at 2021-05-20T18:51

By Freda
at 2021-05-20T22:11
at 2021-05-20T22:11

By Sandy
at 2021-05-24T11:54
at 2021-05-24T11:54

By Charlotte
at 2021-05-25T12:47
at 2021-05-25T12:47

By Kama
at 2021-05-26T10:58
at 2021-05-26T10:58

By Hazel
at 2021-05-27T22:08
at 2021-05-27T22:08

By Andrew
at 2021-05-28T05:47
at 2021-05-28T05:47

By Linda
at 2021-05-28T09:45
at 2021-05-28T09:45

By Genevieve
at 2021-06-01T14:14
at 2021-06-01T14:14

By Genevieve
at 2021-06-05T18:26
at 2021-06-05T18:26

By Elvira
at 2021-06-09T05:59
at 2021-06-09T05:59

By Genevieve
at 2021-06-11T17:40
at 2021-06-11T17:40

By Zanna
at 2021-06-14T00:05
at 2021-06-14T00:05

By Victoria
at 2021-06-18T13:15
at 2021-06-18T13:15

By Tom
at 2021-06-19T10:22
at 2021-06-19T10:22

By Andy
at 2021-06-21T08:58
at 2021-06-21T08:58

By Daniel
at 2021-06-24T05:29
at 2021-06-24T05:29

By Connor
at 2021-06-26T12:26
at 2021-06-26T12:26

By Necoo
at 2021-06-30T19:09
at 2021-06-30T19:09

By Adele
at 2021-07-02T22:21
at 2021-07-02T22:21

By Vanessa
at 2021-07-04T18:30
at 2021-07-04T18:30

By Zanna
at 2021-07-08T16:04
at 2021-07-08T16:04

By Selena
at 2021-07-12T20:41
at 2021-07-12T20:41

By Elizabeth
at 2021-07-15T13:48
at 2021-07-15T13:48

By Ethan
at 2021-07-17T18:38
at 2021-07-17T18:38

By Tracy
at 2021-07-21T04:32
at 2021-07-21T04:32

By Valerie
at 2021-07-24T09:34
at 2021-07-24T09:34
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By Belly
at 2021-07-28T07:59
at 2021-07-28T07:59
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By Kyle
at 2021-08-02T01:39
at 2021-08-02T01:39

By Connor
at 2021-08-02T09:49
at 2021-08-02T09:49
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By Hamiltion
at 2021-08-05T21:00
at 2021-08-05T21:00
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By Belly
at 2021-08-06T09:18
at 2021-08-06T09:18
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By Sarah
at 2021-08-06T15:46
at 2021-08-06T15:46
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By Rae
at 2021-08-11T00:07
at 2021-08-11T00:07
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By Edith
at 2021-08-15T09:03
at 2021-08-15T09:03

By Kyle
at 2021-08-20T06:19
at 2021-08-20T06:19

By Steve
at 2021-08-21T10:06
at 2021-08-21T10:06

By Zanna
at 2021-08-22T10:42
at 2021-08-22T10:42

By Emily
at 2021-08-26T18:22
at 2021-08-26T18:22

By Kelly
at 2021-08-27T22:08
at 2021-08-27T22:08
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By Liam
at 2021-08-28T01:51
at 2021-08-28T01:51

By Jack
at 2021-08-31T15:14
at 2021-08-31T15:14
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By Callum
at 2021-09-05T08:07
at 2021-09-05T08:07
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By Caitlin
at 2021-09-08T20:08
at 2021-09-08T20:08

By Thomas
at 2021-09-10T22:57
at 2021-09-10T22:57

By Frederic
at 2021-09-15T20:32
at 2021-09-15T20:32

By Robert
at 2021-09-19T23:28
at 2021-09-19T23:28
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By Franklin
at 2021-09-21T19:31
at 2021-09-21T19:31

By Kelly
at 2021-09-25T14:06
at 2021-09-25T14:06
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By Selena
at 2021-09-30T08:50
at 2021-09-30T08:50

By Blanche
at 2021-10-02T23:00
at 2021-10-02T23:00

By Rae
at 2021-10-04T23:43
at 2021-10-04T23:43
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By Kristin
at 2021-10-05T09:03
at 2021-10-05T09:03
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By Puput
at 2021-10-09T17:05
at 2021-10-09T17:05
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By Lauren
at 2021-10-10T02:30
at 2021-10-10T02:30
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By Dinah
at 2021-10-11T10:55
at 2021-10-11T10:55
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By Poppy
at 2021-10-11T23:43
at 2021-10-11T23:43
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By Damian
at 2021-10-15T20:15
at 2021-10-15T20:15

By Gary
at 2021-10-17T03:26
at 2021-10-17T03:26

By Belly
at 2021-10-19T13:09
at 2021-10-19T13:09
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By Irma
at 2021-10-20T12:45
at 2021-10-20T12:45

By Todd Johnson
at 2021-10-24T17:35
at 2021-10-24T17:35

By Rae
at 2021-10-27T13:39
at 2021-10-27T13:39

By Connor
at 2021-10-28T04:06
at 2021-10-28T04:06
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By Una
at 2021-10-30T14:52
at 2021-10-30T14:52

By Bennie
at 2021-11-04T11:15
at 2021-11-04T11:15

By Mary
at 2021-11-06T23:27
at 2021-11-06T23:27

By Ivy
at 2021-11-08T01:10
at 2021-11-08T01:10

By Doris
at 2021-11-11T11:11
at 2021-11-11T11:11

By Sarah
at 2021-11-12T14:22
at 2021-11-12T14:22

By Ina
at 2021-11-16T14:51
at 2021-11-16T14:51

By Joe
at 2021-11-18T06:11
at 2021-11-18T06:11

By Necoo
at 2021-11-20T17:49
at 2021-11-20T17:49

By Kyle
at 2021-11-25T01:03
at 2021-11-25T01:03

By Adele
at 2021-11-28T05:59
at 2021-11-28T05:59

By Anonymous
at 2021-12-01T19:15
at 2021-12-01T19:15
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By Regina
at 2021-12-02T12:36
at 2021-12-02T12:36

By Robert
at 2021-12-06T16:36
at 2021-12-06T16:36
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By Brianna
at 2021-12-11T11:00
at 2021-12-11T11:00
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By Aaliyah
at 2021-12-12T03:19
at 2021-12-12T03:19
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By Queena
at 2021-12-12T18:13
at 2021-12-12T18:13
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By Kyle
at 2021-12-15T21:48
at 2021-12-15T21:48
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By Zanna
at 2021-12-19T12:40
at 2021-12-19T12:40

By Ida
at 2021-12-20T16:41
at 2021-12-20T16:41

By Mia
at 2021-12-24T21:57
at 2021-12-24T21:57
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By Rebecca
at 2021-12-25T06:07
at 2021-12-25T06:07

By Ingrid
at 2021-12-26T15:53
at 2021-12-26T15:53
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By Candice
at 2021-12-28T13:54
at 2021-12-28T13:54
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By Lily
at 2021-12-29T07:55
at 2021-12-29T07:55
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By Hedy
at 2021-12-29T12:37
at 2021-12-29T12:37
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By Leila
at 2022-01-02T08:34
at 2022-01-02T08:34
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By Hardy
at 2022-01-02T21:05
at 2022-01-02T21:05
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at 2022-01-04T05:41
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at 2022-01-09T01:23
at 2022-01-09T01:23
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By Hedy
at 2022-01-13T20:30
at 2022-01-13T20:30
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By Hedwig
at 2022-01-15T11:58
at 2022-01-15T11:58
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By Charlotte
at 2022-01-16T00:17
at 2022-01-16T00:17

By Edward Lewis
at 2022-01-17T11:16
at 2022-01-17T11:16
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By William
at 2022-01-20T15:22
at 2022-01-20T15:22
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By Blanche
at 2022-01-22T05:06
at 2022-01-22T05:06
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By Edwina
at 2022-01-23T17:00
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By Liam
at 2022-01-25T16:28
at 2022-01-25T16:28
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By Vanessa
at 2022-01-29T03:44
at 2022-01-29T03:44
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By Madame
at 2022-02-02T13:18
at 2022-02-02T13:18
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