中國想自力打造EUV ASML工程師:天方夜譚 - 工程師

By Heather
at 2020-09-27T18:22
at 2020-09-27T18:22
Table of Contents
中國想自力打造EUV ASML工程師:天方夜譚
〔編譯盧永山/綜合報導〕美國對華為實施出口管制,凸顯中國半導體產業缺乏技術和製
造設備的窘境。華為創辦人任正非日前造訪中國科學院,傳出華為將與中國科學院合作,
並能在先進的極紫外光刻(EUV)技術上有所突破,甚至超越台積電。但1名任職荷蘭艾斯
摩爾(ASML)、且投入EUV開發的華裔工程師近日發文表示,這是「天方夜譚」!
這名工程師在網路發文指出:「先別提把EUV給造出來,就是把EUV給用好都是一件無比複
雜的事情,台積電算是我們的客戶,我很佩服台積電的工程師或者說他們整個的體系。他
們對光刻機的使用達到了某種讓人欽佩的高度。」
該工程師說,打個比方,如果台積電是美國海軍擁有10艘10萬噸級核動力航母,中國晶片
製造商大概就是中國海軍,而且是在遼寧艦未拖進港時期的中國海軍;中國會不會有朝一
日造出10萬噸級別的核動力航母?這個當然有可能,但什麼時候能造出來,真的不好說,
需要天時地利人和都具備了才行。
他說,這些條件包括或可能包括:國家要下大決心,要做好十幾年甚至20年一直虧錢的準
備;外部技術封鎖要有些鬆動;要有一流人才願意給中國效力;需要大量從業的工程師來
進行過渡;三星電子、英特爾,台積電的某一家要出1個大問題,倒閉或破產,這樣能讓
出市占率,給予中國公司發展機會;新技術恰好在國家大力投入的時候興起,讓中國能實
現彎道超車。
該工程師坦言,中國若有這個錢重新在國內建立起1家像台積電一樣的公司,還不如用這
個錢直接收編台積電;從成本上來看,後者很可能更加便宜。台積電這種巨無霸如果不是
遇到晶片製造的重大革命,或者其他危機,中國企業很難超越!
該工程師說,所以中國要造新型EUV光刻機並不是中國單挑美國,而是中國要單挑外國,
因高性能的濾光片,對極端紫外線高反射率的鍍膜,耐用的商業雷射機……沒有一個是中
國自己能夠造出來的,沒有這些基礎器件,談造EUV就是天方夜譚!
他表示,造光刻機跟造航母不一樣,航母並沒有在全球的產業鏈裡面,而光刻機是全球產
業鏈整合出來的產品,針對中國的技術封鎖如果沒有鬆動,需要重複做的事情太多,絕非
十年二十年,靠中國單打獨鬥能成的;如果有人還覺得市場、錢、政策能夠大躍進式地造
出光刻機,那就是絕對錯誤的認識。
該工程師說,如果技術不革新,中國想在EUV上後來居上幾乎做不到。至於台積電,它是
使用EUV的廠商,如果中國半導體代工企業都沒有EUV可用,在10年內、20年內、甚至100
年內都很難超越台積電。
https://reurl.cc/avLVRG
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