英特爾退位 台積躍半導體霸主 - 工程師
By Steve
at 2023-02-06T08:28
at 2023-02-06T08:28
Table of Contents
英特爾退位 台積躍半導體霸主
2023/02/06 05:30
台積去年營收增33% 超越英特爾近130億美元
〔編譯魏國金/綜合報導〕彭博報導,從英特爾到SK海力士等一些半導體大廠,去年慘淡
的業績造成投資市場數度驚嚇,但亞洲兩大巨頭的台積電與三星電子以更大的靈活性度過
動盪市況,已躍居半導體業界新霸主。
Bernstein分析師拉斯剛直言,英特爾業績是「令人驚訝的糟糕」;南韓海力士也公布史
上最大虧損,並矢言削減產能、資本支出與其他成本,以期轉虧為盈。
相較之下,儘管去年第四季三星半導體部門營收年減二十四%,營利年減九十七%、季減
九十五%,但整體仍有獲利;台積電去年營收暴增,超越對手英特爾近一三○億美元(約
三九○○億台幣),並預期今年營收將進一步升高。
報導說,台積電與三星建立了更穩健的業務,其規模讓對手望塵莫及。台積電尤其擅長為
蘋果、輝達等客戶提供客製化晶片,致使其他晶片製造商短期內難以縮小差距;台積電的
勁敵三星也利用相關優勢,在記憶體業務上遙遙領先對手海力士與美光。
台積電超越英特爾的速度較最樂觀的分析家預測的還快,台積電去年美元營收年增三十三
%,反觀英特爾縮減二十%。台積電提供英特爾許多對手與客戶最先進的產品,且在晶片
產業上,龍頭地位不僅由市占率與營收來衡量,生產技術也至關重要,因為能以最先進技
術與設備生產,不僅有利於成本,也能提高產品的毛利率。
英特爾今年資本支出 也將大落後
台積電計畫今年三六○億美元資本支出,高於分析師推測;三星也表示,今年資本支出規
模將與去年相當,去年三星斥資三九○億美元升級與擴建設備。英特爾今年資本支出目標
約為營收的三十五%;分析師推估今年英特爾營收約五一○億美元,亦即相關預算將遠低
於台積電與三星。
台積電積極的資本支出或許讓英特爾承受更大壓力,但對電子業許多公司是好消息,當中
許多利用台積電的晶片,創造與生產新產品,比如蘋果、超微。超微現在每季營收皆超過
二○一七的年度營收,去年第四季超微數據中心業績年增四十二%,反觀英特爾則下滑三
十三%。
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