傳聞中的中國半導體產能 - 工程師
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By Lauren
at 2019-05-13T07:35
at 2019-05-13T07:35
Table of Contents
※ [本文轉錄自 cjol 信箱]
作者: v99999 (95至尊) 看板: Gossiping
標題: [爆卦] 傳聞中的中國半導體產能
時間: Sun May 12 01:52:16 2019
來源:http://tinyurl.com/y36vjcp9
傳聞中的中國半導體產能
產業的供需狀況往往是股價長多與長空的終極關鍵,如2016~2018年的被動元件,短時間出
現供給缺口,造就了股價翻上數倍的行情,反之,如2011~2013年中國傾全力補貼的led,一
時之間全球產能翻了好幾倍,導致所有的LED公司的股價憋曲在低檔好幾年難以翻身。
2018年下半年起,全球壟罩在半導體不景氣的陰影,從供需角度來看,需求面受限於智慧型
手機的成長大幅趨緩,這可以理解,但需求面不會永遠不振,智慧型手機成長性掉下來,未
來自然會有汽車需求(電動車與自駕車)以及5G來彌補,一如2009~2010年全球PC(含平板)進
入零成長期之後,智慧型手機的半導體需求迅速崛起來填補需求缺口一樣。
但有趣的在半導體的供給面,許多人擔心2019~2020年,中國半導體廠會陸續開出產能,進
而造成當年LED與LCD的慘狀,於是半導體相關公司的股價紛紛下挫。
但如果中國半導體產能開出來的速度不如預期,甚至毫無競爭力呢?這是個好問題!
想要發展新產業不外乎:資金、人才、技術、市場、專利、製造營運經驗、上下游整合。
以中國半導體而言,資金、市場、上下游整合這三點沒有太大問題,問題在於人才、技術、
專利與製造營運經驗。
先談人才,或許有人會質疑,大把鈔票挖下去,還會擔心沒有人才嗎?這論點只對了一半,
首先人才的跨國移動並非想像中地簡單,隨便一個具有競爭力的晶圓廠,少說得需要幾百個
具經驗的老手,挖角也許能解決一部分但無法全面性地挖角。
更重要的是,人才的培育絕對不是短期挖角可以速成,舉中國的足球與棒球為例,中國花了
多大的工夫組了許多足球隊伍,為何幾十年下來,連世界杯足球賽的三十二強門票都取不到
?有人說東方人體型體能先天輸給白種人黑種人,但棒球呢?日本台灣南韓可是黃皮膚呢!
為何可以擠身為全世界棒球強國,難道中國的棒球隊不會來台灣挖角嗎?以台灣棒球為例,
這可是發展了七八十年的活動,人才庫起碼橫跨五代,加上球迷基礎、基層球隊甚至經營棒
球的經驗,這絕非短期可以複製貼上。
目前中國的半導體廠裡,常常可以看見「八國聯軍」的場面。也就是同一個晶圓廠中,除了
中國當地人,還有來自臺灣、韓國、歐洲、美國、日本等地的工作人員,產生了溝通上及文
化適應上的問題;在要求工作效率與產品良率的前提下,管理者面臨比別人更大的挑戰。而
「人」的問題沒有處理好,再多的資本、再先進的製程,也無法發揮該有的產能。
接著談技術,空有人才是不管用的,中國半導體就曾經花大把鈔票從台灣挖了一整個「鬼混
團隊」。而且半導體的機器可不是LED,靠補貼花錢買幾部mocvd機台,插上電就可以運行那
麼簡單,有時候甚至連機器設備都買不到呢!
昔日半導體王國日本,當年有資金有市場有技術,為什麼如今淪為半導體沙漠?營運與製造
經驗的累積無法持續,當然,遭到美國貿易報復更是主因,還有,當技術人才與專利遭到南
韓竊取時未能立刻壯士斷腕,不提告、不起訴、更沒去打專利官司,才導致日本昔日的半導
體寶座拱手讓人,淪落到全球第四大(或第五)的地步(全世界也不過才六七個國家擁有半導
體產業)。
有了日本遭到掏空的慘狀,面對中國半導體的崛起,美韓台等半導體大國,現在對於打擊竊
取技術專利可說是不遺餘力,看看川普祭出貿易戰就可窺出端倪。
半導體產業的學習或許可以速成,但絕對無法跳躍,根本不可能從32奈米直接跳到7 奈米、
5奈米甚至3奈米,這就好比少棒選手要去挑戰職棒殿堂一樣,技術與製程經驗知識的累積,
必須得一步一步踏過去,即便新公司得到神助能夠一口氣踏進10奈米以下,良率呢?成本呢
?半導體可不是靠中國廉價勞工土力甚至補貼就可以撐出「COST DOWN」的老伎倆。
半導體和LCD不一樣,LCD屬於新產業,從大量量產至今才二十來年,半導體剩下的大廠,少
說也累積了超過三十年的經驗(簡單說是學習曲線)。
簡單的說,如果你是華為的採購高層,你要買高通的晶片組?還是要買平頭哥半導體的晶片
組?你要交給台積電代工?還是要交給中芯?幾年前來勢洶洶誇下海口要闖進晶圓代工的上
海貝嶺微電子,悄悄地在2017年底宣布破產,新聞小小一塊。如果你是某手機公司的專案經
理,恐怕開發不出手機而丟掉飯碗,如果你是日本德國的半導體設備的業務經理,恐怕得天
天擔心收不回呆帳,如果你是貪圖三倍薪水挑槽過去的竹科阿宅,恐怕淪為失業台流。
瓦聖納協定(關於傳統武器與軍民兩用貨物與技術的出口控制的瓦聖納協議)(英語:The
Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Good
and Technologies)
該協定規定,敏感性高科技輸往中國、北韓、伊拉克等威權共產國家,需要有嚴格條件限制
,若台灣等國成為高科技非法輸出中國的跳板,恐怕美國等先進國家更精密技術不願再輸出
給台灣。
於是中國廠商就買不到最高階的光刻機、曝光機設備,0.18微米以下的製程更是無法順利進
入中國,最致命的是台積電的 FinFET專利,別小看這專利,如果沒有擁有專利、授權與技
術,中國廠商只能引進 FD-SOI製程,FD-SOI製程的原材料是SOI晶圓,全球產量稀少又十分
昂貴,而FinFE製程所用的是便宜許多且產量極大的矽晶圓。
中高階的光刻機全世界只有荷蘭的ASML公司能生產,你猜一年生產幾部?2017年12部,2018
年24部,2019年據說產能大增但也頂多到40部,全數都被台積電英特爾三星搶光,2019年據
說上海微電子搶了一部,還是美國允許且是65奈米製程,再複習一下,台積電已經跨進7奈
米,10奈米也只有台積電和三星能作,英特爾還在學習中,65奈米?那是2007年的玩意,作
點第一代智慧型手機、家電、LED還勉強可以。
這也就是中國半導體廠商只能買舊的二手設備的主因。
當然,憑中國政府的意志和廣大的市場支持下,華為海思半導體也成功地開發出
麒麟晶片,先不論好壞,但一來也是台積電代工,二來華為也不願意賣給中國其他廠商(可
見民族大義的旗幟根本抵不過各懷鬼胎的商業競爭),三來華為已經成為美中貿易戰爭的「
主要戰場」,一不小心,恐怕會整個翻車,技術與營運立刻倒車五年起跳。
講了這麼多,讓我們來檢視中國半導體業者的現況吧!
一、格芯成都廠停工:格羅方德當年引進的只是40奈米製程,且是用2010年併購特許半導體
新加坡時所留下的老舊甚至是被淘汰的設備。競爭力與成本毫無優勢,只好草草停工關廠。
二、上海貝嶺2017年底宣布破產:這間成立超過三十年的公司,當年還是1992年鄧小平南巡
所挑選的視察樣板公司,悄悄破產,主因是買不到新機器。
三、中芯:這間號稱中國半導體的旗艦,背景攤開是顯赫的中共太子黨,從創半人到主要幹
部,幾乎都挖自台積電,不惜和台積電打十年長期官司,敗因主要出自於「急著速成」,但
搞了十七年,用盡各種速成的方法,技術依舊停在40~65奈米(營收佔了60%),結果年年虧損
,好不容易捱到2018年上半年賺了點錢,到了2018年下半年又遭到景氣亂流與美中貿易戰,
再度宣告虧損。
三、和艦:和艦是聯電的子公司,當然,身為星加坡國民的曹興誠會矢口否認,2014年在蘇
州與廈門設置了12吋晶圓廠,但是到了2018年,卻悄悄地將蘇州廠改成8吋,對外理由是8吋
晶圓的需求強勁,而12吋的廈門聯芯廠,至今仍舊無法達到損益兩平,原因還是在於製程,
號稱中國技術最先進的廈門聯芯,至今也是剛跨入28奈米,年產能號稱30萬片,或許您不曉
得,2018年全球晶圓產能高達2000萬片以上,和鑑的產能只能說是杯水車薪。
四、SK海力士半導體無錫廠:2018年發生火災,外表看起來似乎只是單純公安問題,該廠也
對外宣稱不會影響營運,但這就讓我這個經濟歷史學愛好者產生無比好奇了,同樣一個廠,
五年前的2013年9月,也發生類似的火災。到底是要藉由爆炸大玩記憶體漲價的遊戲還是要
騙取保險費?亦或是中國競爭廠的陰謀?
五、福建晉華:美國商務部在2018年10月發布對福建晉華實施禁售令,稱因涉及違反美國國
家安全利益的行為。就算這不是一槍斃命,但也遍體麟傷,有趣的是,福建晉華辯稱,他們
透過技術轉讓方式,獲得來自台灣聯電的 DRAM 技術。如果要說有技術爭議,也應該是台灣
聯電負責,福建晉華是無辜的。
但無論如何,晉華的記憶體廠到了2019年已經處於停工狀態奄奄一息。這把火會不會燒到聯
電,就靜觀其變吧!
倒是聯電派去晉華的大批工程師,在2019年已經陸續返回台灣,先不論聯電會不會被燒到,
聯電這個船長想要棄船求生了。
六、長江存儲:成立於2016年,董事長是台灣過去的高啟全(前華亞科董事長),股東完全是
中國廠商與資金, 完全沒有外資,最大股東是紫光集團,號稱在2019年底將可以量產32層
的3D NAND,先不論有沒有技術,也不論會不會遭到美光提告(福建晉華就是美光的祭品),
即便有能力量產32層3D NAND(64層只是淪為對外壯膽的喊話),還得經過漫長的客戶認證(少
說半年起跳),能夠順利進入市場廝殺,最快是2020年下半年。
更別說,競爭對手三星與美光,早就已經進入64層的量產,2019年有可能96層,2021年有可
能推出144層,試問,落後整整超過1~2個世代的長江存儲如何生存?
七、合肥長鑫:中國另一家記憶體公司,美光自然不會放過,美光擬將對合肥長鑫向美光挖
角的10多位高階工程師展開控訴,預料合肥長鑫將被美國司法部列入限制美半導體重要零組
件出口清單中。
八、中國紫光:才在2018年宣布和英特爾合作開發5G晶片,不到一年,英特爾在2019年2月
就宣布不再繼續這種合作關係,有人說是英特爾的內部發生問題,也有人說是英特爾無法抗
拒美國政府的壓力,但破局就是破局,而且還是公開宣布。
九、華虹宏力:這算是一家能夠東閃西躲避開各種專利與訴訟的公司,但問題在於近年來,
該公司連二手設備都買不到。
十、上海兆芯:中國生產CPU的廠商之一,另一家是紫光,對於紫光,我多少還有點想像空
間,但兆芯嘛!只要我把她的主要大股東起底一下,您就會哈哈大笑,除了上海市政府官方
外,第二大股東是台灣的威盛電子,威盛電子創辦人正是台灣股市鼎鼎大名的王雪紅,試問
,王雪紅所投資的東西,除了宏達電公司位於新店的那塊地皮外,大概只有員工餐廳能夠長
期賺錢了吧?
不過,宏達電的員工餐廳到底有沒有賺錢?我也是自己想像,如果有深知員工餐廳營運內情
的讀者也不吝補充指正,我絕對會保護消息來源。
說的這麼多讓人昏昏欲睡的產業枯燥進程,絕非只是為了唱衰中國,三五年以後,中國能
否克服技術、人才、製程、專利、國際制裁?誰也說不準,說不定美國總統川普無法連任換
上一位「極度傾中」的總統!說不定中國承襲當年流寇加上巨富性格的成吉思汗精神,並且
發揮當年大躍進的蠻勁,硬是繞過所有障礙而成為半導體大國,這些都具有可能性。
但我所分析的是未來1~3年的中國半導體產能,包括晶圓、晶片組、記憶體、CPU、代工…等
等,根本不可能大量開出,如果投資人擔心未來1~3年半導體的供給面,根據上述的分析,
大可不必杞人憂天,而是應該著重在需求面,好好觀察有沒有哪些爆炸性的半導體出海口需
求能夠填補高階手機的衰退,才是正道。
至於三年之後呢?三年後再說吧!
—————————————
中國也是吃台灣奶水的
--
作者: v99999 (95至尊) 看板: Gossiping
標題: [爆卦] 傳聞中的中國半導體產能
時間: Sun May 12 01:52:16 2019
來源:http://tinyurl.com/y36vjcp9
傳聞中的中國半導體產能
產業的供需狀況往往是股價長多與長空的終極關鍵,如2016~2018年的被動元件,短時間出
現供給缺口,造就了股價翻上數倍的行情,反之,如2011~2013年中國傾全力補貼的led,一
時之間全球產能翻了好幾倍,導致所有的LED公司的股價憋曲在低檔好幾年難以翻身。
2018年下半年起,全球壟罩在半導體不景氣的陰影,從供需角度來看,需求面受限於智慧型
手機的成長大幅趨緩,這可以理解,但需求面不會永遠不振,智慧型手機成長性掉下來,未
來自然會有汽車需求(電動車與自駕車)以及5G來彌補,一如2009~2010年全球PC(含平板)進
入零成長期之後,智慧型手機的半導體需求迅速崛起來填補需求缺口一樣。
但有趣的在半導體的供給面,許多人擔心2019~2020年,中國半導體廠會陸續開出產能,進
而造成當年LED與LCD的慘狀,於是半導體相關公司的股價紛紛下挫。
但如果中國半導體產能開出來的速度不如預期,甚至毫無競爭力呢?這是個好問題!
想要發展新產業不外乎:資金、人才、技術、市場、專利、製造營運經驗、上下游整合。
以中國半導體而言,資金、市場、上下游整合這三點沒有太大問題,問題在於人才、技術、
專利與製造營運經驗。
先談人才,或許有人會質疑,大把鈔票挖下去,還會擔心沒有人才嗎?這論點只對了一半,
首先人才的跨國移動並非想像中地簡單,隨便一個具有競爭力的晶圓廠,少說得需要幾百個
具經驗的老手,挖角也許能解決一部分但無法全面性地挖角。
更重要的是,人才的培育絕對不是短期挖角可以速成,舉中國的足球與棒球為例,中國花了
多大的工夫組了許多足球隊伍,為何幾十年下來,連世界杯足球賽的三十二強門票都取不到
?有人說東方人體型體能先天輸給白種人黑種人,但棒球呢?日本台灣南韓可是黃皮膚呢!
為何可以擠身為全世界棒球強國,難道中國的棒球隊不會來台灣挖角嗎?以台灣棒球為例,
這可是發展了七八十年的活動,人才庫起碼橫跨五代,加上球迷基礎、基層球隊甚至經營棒
球的經驗,這絕非短期可以複製貼上。
目前中國的半導體廠裡,常常可以看見「八國聯軍」的場面。也就是同一個晶圓廠中,除了
中國當地人,還有來自臺灣、韓國、歐洲、美國、日本等地的工作人員,產生了溝通上及文
化適應上的問題;在要求工作效率與產品良率的前提下,管理者面臨比別人更大的挑戰。而
「人」的問題沒有處理好,再多的資本、再先進的製程,也無法發揮該有的產能。
接著談技術,空有人才是不管用的,中國半導體就曾經花大把鈔票從台灣挖了一整個「鬼混
團隊」。而且半導體的機器可不是LED,靠補貼花錢買幾部mocvd機台,插上電就可以運行那
麼簡單,有時候甚至連機器設備都買不到呢!
昔日半導體王國日本,當年有資金有市場有技術,為什麼如今淪為半導體沙漠?營運與製造
經驗的累積無法持續,當然,遭到美國貿易報復更是主因,還有,當技術人才與專利遭到南
韓竊取時未能立刻壯士斷腕,不提告、不起訴、更沒去打專利官司,才導致日本昔日的半導
體寶座拱手讓人,淪落到全球第四大(或第五)的地步(全世界也不過才六七個國家擁有半導
體產業)。
有了日本遭到掏空的慘狀,面對中國半導體的崛起,美韓台等半導體大國,現在對於打擊竊
取技術專利可說是不遺餘力,看看川普祭出貿易戰就可窺出端倪。
半導體產業的學習或許可以速成,但絕對無法跳躍,根本不可能從32奈米直接跳到7 奈米、
5奈米甚至3奈米,這就好比少棒選手要去挑戰職棒殿堂一樣,技術與製程經驗知識的累積,
必須得一步一步踏過去,即便新公司得到神助能夠一口氣踏進10奈米以下,良率呢?成本呢
?半導體可不是靠中國廉價勞工土力甚至補貼就可以撐出「COST DOWN」的老伎倆。
半導體和LCD不一樣,LCD屬於新產業,從大量量產至今才二十來年,半導體剩下的大廠,少
說也累積了超過三十年的經驗(簡單說是學習曲線)。
簡單的說,如果你是華為的採購高層,你要買高通的晶片組?還是要買平頭哥半導體的晶片
組?你要交給台積電代工?還是要交給中芯?幾年前來勢洶洶誇下海口要闖進晶圓代工的上
海貝嶺微電子,悄悄地在2017年底宣布破產,新聞小小一塊。如果你是某手機公司的專案經
理,恐怕開發不出手機而丟掉飯碗,如果你是日本德國的半導體設備的業務經理,恐怕得天
天擔心收不回呆帳,如果你是貪圖三倍薪水挑槽過去的竹科阿宅,恐怕淪為失業台流。
瓦聖納協定(關於傳統武器與軍民兩用貨物與技術的出口控制的瓦聖納協議)(英語:The
Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Good
and Technologies)
該協定規定,敏感性高科技輸往中國、北韓、伊拉克等威權共產國家,需要有嚴格條件限制
,若台灣等國成為高科技非法輸出中國的跳板,恐怕美國等先進國家更精密技術不願再輸出
給台灣。
於是中國廠商就買不到最高階的光刻機、曝光機設備,0.18微米以下的製程更是無法順利進
入中國,最致命的是台積電的 FinFET專利,別小看這專利,如果沒有擁有專利、授權與技
術,中國廠商只能引進 FD-SOI製程,FD-SOI製程的原材料是SOI晶圓,全球產量稀少又十分
昂貴,而FinFE製程所用的是便宜許多且產量極大的矽晶圓。
中高階的光刻機全世界只有荷蘭的ASML公司能生產,你猜一年生產幾部?2017年12部,2018
年24部,2019年據說產能大增但也頂多到40部,全數都被台積電英特爾三星搶光,2019年據
說上海微電子搶了一部,還是美國允許且是65奈米製程,再複習一下,台積電已經跨進7奈
米,10奈米也只有台積電和三星能作,英特爾還在學習中,65奈米?那是2007年的玩意,作
點第一代智慧型手機、家電、LED還勉強可以。
這也就是中國半導體廠商只能買舊的二手設備的主因。
當然,憑中國政府的意志和廣大的市場支持下,華為海思半導體也成功地開發出
麒麟晶片,先不論好壞,但一來也是台積電代工,二來華為也不願意賣給中國其他廠商(可
見民族大義的旗幟根本抵不過各懷鬼胎的商業競爭),三來華為已經成為美中貿易戰爭的「
主要戰場」,一不小心,恐怕會整個翻車,技術與營運立刻倒車五年起跳。
講了這麼多,讓我們來檢視中國半導體業者的現況吧!
一、格芯成都廠停工:格羅方德當年引進的只是40奈米製程,且是用2010年併購特許半導體
新加坡時所留下的老舊甚至是被淘汰的設備。競爭力與成本毫無優勢,只好草草停工關廠。
二、上海貝嶺2017年底宣布破產:這間成立超過三十年的公司,當年還是1992年鄧小平南巡
所挑選的視察樣板公司,悄悄破產,主因是買不到新機器。
三、中芯:這間號稱中國半導體的旗艦,背景攤開是顯赫的中共太子黨,從創半人到主要幹
部,幾乎都挖自台積電,不惜和台積電打十年長期官司,敗因主要出自於「急著速成」,但
搞了十七年,用盡各種速成的方法,技術依舊停在40~65奈米(營收佔了60%),結果年年虧損
,好不容易捱到2018年上半年賺了點錢,到了2018年下半年又遭到景氣亂流與美中貿易戰,
再度宣告虧損。
三、和艦:和艦是聯電的子公司,當然,身為星加坡國民的曹興誠會矢口否認,2014年在蘇
州與廈門設置了12吋晶圓廠,但是到了2018年,卻悄悄地將蘇州廠改成8吋,對外理由是8吋
晶圓的需求強勁,而12吋的廈門聯芯廠,至今仍舊無法達到損益兩平,原因還是在於製程,
號稱中國技術最先進的廈門聯芯,至今也是剛跨入28奈米,年產能號稱30萬片,或許您不曉
得,2018年全球晶圓產能高達2000萬片以上,和鑑的產能只能說是杯水車薪。
四、SK海力士半導體無錫廠:2018年發生火災,外表看起來似乎只是單純公安問題,該廠也
對外宣稱不會影響營運,但這就讓我這個經濟歷史學愛好者產生無比好奇了,同樣一個廠,
五年前的2013年9月,也發生類似的火災。到底是要藉由爆炸大玩記憶體漲價的遊戲還是要
騙取保險費?亦或是中國競爭廠的陰謀?
五、福建晉華:美國商務部在2018年10月發布對福建晉華實施禁售令,稱因涉及違反美國國
家安全利益的行為。就算這不是一槍斃命,但也遍體麟傷,有趣的是,福建晉華辯稱,他們
透過技術轉讓方式,獲得來自台灣聯電的 DRAM 技術。如果要說有技術爭議,也應該是台灣
聯電負責,福建晉華是無辜的。
但無論如何,晉華的記憶體廠到了2019年已經處於停工狀態奄奄一息。這把火會不會燒到聯
電,就靜觀其變吧!
倒是聯電派去晉華的大批工程師,在2019年已經陸續返回台灣,先不論聯電會不會被燒到,
聯電這個船長想要棄船求生了。
六、長江存儲:成立於2016年,董事長是台灣過去的高啟全(前華亞科董事長),股東完全是
中國廠商與資金, 完全沒有外資,最大股東是紫光集團,號稱在2019年底將可以量產32層
的3D NAND,先不論有沒有技術,也不論會不會遭到美光提告(福建晉華就是美光的祭品),
即便有能力量產32層3D NAND(64層只是淪為對外壯膽的喊話),還得經過漫長的客戶認證(少
說半年起跳),能夠順利進入市場廝殺,最快是2020年下半年。
更別說,競爭對手三星與美光,早就已經進入64層的量產,2019年有可能96層,2021年有可
能推出144層,試問,落後整整超過1~2個世代的長江存儲如何生存?
七、合肥長鑫:中國另一家記憶體公司,美光自然不會放過,美光擬將對合肥長鑫向美光挖
角的10多位高階工程師展開控訴,預料合肥長鑫將被美國司法部列入限制美半導體重要零組
件出口清單中。
八、中國紫光:才在2018年宣布和英特爾合作開發5G晶片,不到一年,英特爾在2019年2月
就宣布不再繼續這種合作關係,有人說是英特爾的內部發生問題,也有人說是英特爾無法抗
拒美國政府的壓力,但破局就是破局,而且還是公開宣布。
九、華虹宏力:這算是一家能夠東閃西躲避開各種專利與訴訟的公司,但問題在於近年來,
該公司連二手設備都買不到。
十、上海兆芯:中國生產CPU的廠商之一,另一家是紫光,對於紫光,我多少還有點想像空
間,但兆芯嘛!只要我把她的主要大股東起底一下,您就會哈哈大笑,除了上海市政府官方
外,第二大股東是台灣的威盛電子,威盛電子創辦人正是台灣股市鼎鼎大名的王雪紅,試問
,王雪紅所投資的東西,除了宏達電公司位於新店的那塊地皮外,大概只有員工餐廳能夠長
期賺錢了吧?
不過,宏達電的員工餐廳到底有沒有賺錢?我也是自己想像,如果有深知員工餐廳營運內情
的讀者也不吝補充指正,我絕對會保護消息來源。
說的這麼多讓人昏昏欲睡的產業枯燥進程,絕非只是為了唱衰中國,三五年以後,中國能
否克服技術、人才、製程、專利、國際制裁?誰也說不準,說不定美國總統川普無法連任換
上一位「極度傾中」的總統!說不定中國承襲當年流寇加上巨富性格的成吉思汗精神,並且
發揮當年大躍進的蠻勁,硬是繞過所有障礙而成為半導體大國,這些都具有可能性。
但我所分析的是未來1~3年的中國半導體產能,包括晶圓、晶片組、記憶體、CPU、代工…等
等,根本不可能大量開出,如果投資人擔心未來1~3年半導體的供給面,根據上述的分析,
大可不必杞人憂天,而是應該著重在需求面,好好觀察有沒有哪些爆炸性的半導體出海口需
求能夠填補高階手機的衰退,才是正道。
至於三年之後呢?三年後再說吧!
—————————————
中國也是吃台灣奶水的
--
All Comments
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at 2019-07-13T03:29
at 2019-07-13T03:29

By Gary
at 2019-07-15T09:39
at 2019-07-15T09:39

By Todd Johnson
at 2019-07-18T11:29
at 2019-07-18T11:29

By Rosalind
at 2019-07-22T16:50
at 2019-07-22T16:50

By Faithe
at 2019-07-24T03:22
at 2019-07-24T03:22

By Jake
at 2019-07-26T06:21
at 2019-07-26T06:21

By Victoria
at 2019-07-28T09:37
at 2019-07-28T09:37

By Belly
at 2019-07-28T22:35
at 2019-07-28T22:35

By Annie
at 2019-08-01T20:42
at 2019-08-01T20:42

By Oscar
at 2019-08-04T09:33
at 2019-08-04T09:33

By George
at 2019-08-09T04:39
at 2019-08-09T04:39

By Olive
at 2019-08-10T13:32
at 2019-08-10T13:32

By Kumar
at 2019-08-13T02:14
at 2019-08-13T02:14

By David
at 2019-08-15T22:10
at 2019-08-15T22:10

By Blanche
at 2019-08-17T16:23
at 2019-08-17T16:23

By Oscar
at 2019-08-22T08:30
at 2019-08-22T08:30

By Tom
at 2019-08-25T13:18
at 2019-08-25T13:18

By Joseph
at 2019-08-29T19:41
at 2019-08-29T19:41

By Elma
at 2019-09-02T15:59
at 2019-09-02T15:59

By Donna
at 2019-09-06T02:23
at 2019-09-06T02:23

By Barb Cronin
at 2019-09-09T02:50
at 2019-09-09T02:50

By Ida
at 2019-09-12T14:14
at 2019-09-12T14:14

By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2019-09-17T04:04
at 2019-09-17T04:04

By Odelette
at 2019-09-20T17:08
at 2019-09-20T17:08

By Isla
at 2019-09-23T13:51
at 2019-09-23T13:51

By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2019-09-26T09:55
at 2019-09-26T09:55

By Tracy
at 2019-09-29T08:40
at 2019-09-29T08:40

By Yuri
at 2019-09-30T21:34
at 2019-09-30T21:34

By Ethan
at 2019-10-03T21:16
at 2019-10-03T21:16

By Necoo
at 2019-10-05T16:08
at 2019-10-05T16:08

By Delia
at 2019-10-09T11:14
at 2019-10-09T11:14

By Erin
at 2019-10-12T16:13
at 2019-10-12T16:13

By Charlotte
at 2019-10-14T01:14
at 2019-10-14T01:14

By Gilbert
at 2019-10-17T20:35
at 2019-10-17T20:35

By Tristan Cohan
at 2019-10-19T04:56
at 2019-10-19T04:56

By Eden
at 2019-10-24T00:28
at 2019-10-24T00:28

By Christine
at 2019-10-27T16:56
at 2019-10-27T16:56

By Margaret
at 2019-11-01T00:31
at 2019-11-01T00:31

By Hardy
at 2019-11-03T03:37
at 2019-11-03T03:37

By Tristan Cohan
at 2019-11-03T20:29
at 2019-11-03T20:29

By Jack
at 2019-11-06T15:13
at 2019-11-06T15:13

By Steve
at 2019-11-07T06:56
at 2019-11-07T06:56

By Dinah
at 2019-11-09T17:15
at 2019-11-09T17:15

By Liam
at 2019-11-11T05:51
at 2019-11-11T05:51

By Faithe
at 2019-11-15T23:33
at 2019-11-15T23:33

By Liam
at 2019-11-19T15:01
at 2019-11-19T15:01

By Michael
at 2019-11-23T00:22
at 2019-11-23T00:22

By James
at 2019-11-25T23:07
at 2019-11-25T23:07

By Gilbert
at 2019-11-28T12:11
at 2019-11-28T12:11

By Olive
at 2019-11-29T21:24
at 2019-11-29T21:24

By Gary
at 2019-12-02T13:25
at 2019-12-02T13:25

By Daniel
at 2019-12-06T21:02
at 2019-12-06T21:02

By Doris
at 2019-12-11T11:36
at 2019-12-11T11:36

By Mia
at 2019-12-14T05:02
at 2019-12-14T05:02

By Ina
at 2019-12-17T14:15
at 2019-12-17T14:15

By Linda
at 2019-12-22T10:29
at 2019-12-22T10:29

By Madame
at 2019-12-27T01:18
at 2019-12-27T01:18

By Elvira
at 2019-12-30T01:30
at 2019-12-30T01:30

By Dora
at 2019-12-31T12:54
at 2019-12-31T12:54

By William
at 2019-12-31T21:34
at 2019-12-31T21:34

By Xanthe
at 2020-01-02T11:07
at 2020-01-02T11:07

By Doris
at 2020-01-02T22:07
at 2020-01-02T22:07

By Elvira
at 2020-01-06T05:15
at 2020-01-06T05:15

By Hedda
at 2020-01-09T13:16
at 2020-01-09T13:16

By Olga
at 2020-01-11T09:59
at 2020-01-11T09:59

By Harry
at 2020-01-15T11:26
at 2020-01-15T11:26

By Kyle
at 2020-01-19T14:13
at 2020-01-19T14:13

By Agnes
at 2020-01-19T19:31
at 2020-01-19T19:31

By Erin
at 2020-01-21T00:20
at 2020-01-21T00:20

By Freda
at 2020-01-21T05:09
at 2020-01-21T05:09

By Anonymous
at 2020-01-24T16:45
at 2020-01-24T16:45

By Caitlin
at 2020-01-25T19:40
at 2020-01-25T19:40

By Kyle
at 2020-01-28T17:23
at 2020-01-28T17:23

By Oscar
at 2020-02-01T12:36
at 2020-02-01T12:36

By Mason
at 2020-02-02T12:02
at 2020-02-02T12:02

By Edward Lewis
at 2020-02-03T22:23
at 2020-02-03T22:23

By Ivy
at 2020-02-05T22:34
at 2020-02-05T22:34

By Sarah
at 2020-02-10T19:11
at 2020-02-10T19:11

By Tracy
at 2020-02-13T12:54
at 2020-02-13T12:54

By Tracy
at 2020-02-16T16:30
at 2020-02-16T16:30

By Skylar Davis
at 2020-02-21T11:47
at 2020-02-21T11:47

By Emily
at 2020-02-25T16:37
at 2020-02-25T16:37

By Delia
at 2020-02-28T12:43
at 2020-02-28T12:43

By Zora
at 2020-02-28T21:39
at 2020-02-28T21:39

By Rosalind
at 2020-03-02T21:28
at 2020-03-02T21:28

By Poppy
at 2020-03-03T07:52
at 2020-03-03T07:52

By Damian
at 2020-03-07T06:30
at 2020-03-07T06:30

By Megan
at 2020-03-12T06:21
at 2020-03-12T06:21

By Steve
at 2020-03-15T04:41
at 2020-03-15T04:41

By Wallis
at 2020-03-20T02:00
at 2020-03-20T02:00

By Ingrid
at 2020-03-22T08:24
at 2020-03-22T08:24

By Olivia
at 2020-03-25T11:04
at 2020-03-25T11:04

By Ursula
at 2020-03-26T18:50
at 2020-03-26T18:50

By Barb Cronin
at 2020-03-28T05:53
at 2020-03-28T05:53

By Valerie
at 2020-04-01T05:46
at 2020-04-01T05:46

By Mason
at 2020-04-04T02:25
at 2020-04-04T02:25

By Edwina
at 2020-04-05T10:40
at 2020-04-05T10:40

By Quanna
at 2020-04-08T15:28
at 2020-04-08T15:28

By Mason
at 2020-04-09T11:33
at 2020-04-09T11:33

By Daph Bay
at 2020-04-09T18:18
at 2020-04-09T18:18

By Linda
at 2020-04-10T15:11
at 2020-04-10T15:11

By Jacob
at 2020-04-11T10:19
at 2020-04-11T10:19

By Hedy
at 2020-04-14T01:40
at 2020-04-14T01:40

By Gary
at 2020-04-18T22:52
at 2020-04-18T22:52

By Lydia
at 2020-04-23T19:58
at 2020-04-23T19:58

By Jessica
at 2020-04-25T02:51
at 2020-04-25T02:51

By Valerie
at 2020-04-27T20:27
at 2020-04-27T20:27

By Edward Lewis
at 2020-05-01T01:14
at 2020-05-01T01:14

By Lily
at 2020-05-01T23:16
at 2020-05-01T23:16

By Yedda
at 2020-05-06T19:05
at 2020-05-06T19:05

By Kristin
at 2020-05-07T14:43
at 2020-05-07T14:43

By Andy
at 2020-05-11T21:29
at 2020-05-11T21:29

By Jacky
at 2020-05-15T09:49
at 2020-05-15T09:49

By Kristin
at 2020-05-17T18:53
at 2020-05-17T18:53

By Connor
at 2020-05-20T03:43
at 2020-05-20T03:43

By Rosalind
at 2020-05-22T00:28
at 2020-05-22T00:28

By Jake
at 2020-05-25T05:07
at 2020-05-25T05:07

By Andy
at 2020-05-27T23:11
at 2020-05-27T23:11

By Cara
at 2020-05-30T21:15
at 2020-05-30T21:15

By Genevieve
at 2020-06-03T11:35
at 2020-06-03T11:35

By Hardy
at 2020-06-03T23:33
at 2020-06-03T23:33

By Adele
at 2020-06-07T10:03
at 2020-06-07T10:03

By Regina
at 2020-06-11T23:05
at 2020-06-11T23:05

By Catherine
at 2020-06-15T09:14
at 2020-06-15T09:14

By Zanna
at 2020-06-18T13:58
at 2020-06-18T13:58

By Audriana
at 2020-06-22T23:43
at 2020-06-22T23:43

By Emma
at 2020-06-23T22:35
at 2020-06-23T22:35

By Selena
at 2020-06-28T05:51
at 2020-06-28T05:51

By Kumar
at 2020-06-28T15:38
at 2020-06-28T15:38

By Sandy
at 2020-07-02T02:00
at 2020-07-02T02:00

By Hazel
at 2020-07-05T20:34
at 2020-07-05T20:34

By Dinah
at 2020-07-05T22:52
at 2020-07-05T22:52

By Gilbert
at 2020-07-09T03:34
at 2020-07-09T03:34

By Heather
at 2020-07-13T03:33
at 2020-07-13T03:33

By Tracy
at 2020-07-13T06:19
at 2020-07-13T06:19

By Ida
at 2020-07-16T09:48
at 2020-07-16T09:48

By Lauren
at 2020-07-20T04:53
at 2020-07-20T04:53

By Elma
at 2020-07-24T21:10
at 2020-07-24T21:10

By Emily
at 2020-07-28T17:36
at 2020-07-28T17:36

By Rosalind
at 2020-07-31T23:40
at 2020-07-31T23:40

By Queena
at 2020-08-04T05:25
at 2020-08-04T05:25

By Charlotte
at 2020-08-05T23:48
at 2020-08-05T23:48

By Brianna
at 2020-08-07T04:36
at 2020-08-07T04:36

By Michael
at 2020-08-10T21:47
at 2020-08-10T21:47

By Andy
at 2020-08-13T17:20
at 2020-08-13T17:20

By Jack
at 2020-08-17T02:57
at 2020-08-17T02:57

By Elizabeth
at 2020-08-19T08:27
at 2020-08-19T08:27

By Hedwig
at 2020-08-22T21:47
at 2020-08-22T21:47

By Leila
at 2020-08-25T05:07
at 2020-08-25T05:07

By Connor
at 2020-08-26T08:16
at 2020-08-26T08:16

By Queena
at 2020-08-28T09:51
at 2020-08-28T09:51

By Freda
at 2020-08-28T13:34
at 2020-08-28T13:34

By Liam
at 2020-08-31T18:11
at 2020-08-31T18:11

By Quintina
at 2020-09-05T00:06
at 2020-09-05T00:06

By Joe
at 2020-09-05T15:36
at 2020-09-05T15:36

By Cara
at 2020-09-09T10:59
at 2020-09-09T10:59

By Annie
at 2020-09-09T18:09
at 2020-09-09T18:09

By Steve
at 2020-09-13T11:15
at 2020-09-13T11:15

By Zora
at 2020-09-17T14:38
at 2020-09-17T14:38

By Edward Lewis
at 2020-09-19T16:39
at 2020-09-19T16:39

By Rae
at 2020-09-24T06:41
at 2020-09-24T06:41

By Franklin
at 2020-09-29T03:35
at 2020-09-29T03:35

By Odelette
at 2020-10-02T22:26
at 2020-10-02T22:26

By Franklin
at 2020-10-06T16:18
at 2020-10-06T16:18

By Jessica
at 2020-10-08T13:33
at 2020-10-08T13:33

By Mason
at 2020-10-09T14:05
at 2020-10-09T14:05

By Lydia
at 2020-10-11T19:48
at 2020-10-11T19:48

By George
at 2020-10-14T16:26
at 2020-10-14T16:26

By Yedda
at 2020-10-16T07:41
at 2020-10-16T07:41

By Bennie
at 2020-10-19T05:47
at 2020-10-19T05:47

By Susan
at 2020-10-20T07:21
at 2020-10-20T07:21

By Doris
at 2020-10-21T06:12
at 2020-10-21T06:12

By Megan
at 2020-10-21T17:43
at 2020-10-21T17:43

By Gary
at 2020-10-22T02:25
at 2020-10-22T02:25

By Quanna
at 2020-10-23T02:34
at 2020-10-23T02:34

By Suhail Hany
at 2020-10-27T01:13
at 2020-10-27T01:13

By Candice
at 2020-10-28T11:46
at 2020-10-28T11:46

By Skylar Davis
at 2020-11-01T19:48
at 2020-11-01T19:48

By Una
at 2020-11-03T20:08
at 2020-11-03T20:08

By Victoria
at 2020-11-08T18:53
at 2020-11-08T18:53

By Tristan Cohan
at 2020-11-11T16:52
at 2020-11-11T16:52

By Kama
at 2020-11-12T09:16
at 2020-11-12T09:16

By Daph Bay
at 2020-11-14T18:32
at 2020-11-14T18:32

By George
at 2020-11-17T05:03
at 2020-11-17T05:03

By Ina
at 2020-11-20T06:56
at 2020-11-20T06:56

By Victoria
at 2020-11-22T23:54
at 2020-11-22T23:54

By Zora
at 2020-11-23T01:06
at 2020-11-23T01:06

By Quintina
at 2020-11-23T04:12
at 2020-11-23T04:12

By Poppy
at 2020-11-27T09:15
at 2020-11-27T09:15

By Daniel
at 2020-11-29T10:35
at 2020-11-29T10:35

By Victoria
at 2020-11-29T13:02
at 2020-11-29T13:02

By George
at 2020-11-30T22:09
at 2020-11-30T22:09

By Sarah
at 2020-12-02T19:13
at 2020-12-02T19:13

By Caitlin
at 2020-12-06T05:41
at 2020-12-06T05:41

By Freda
at 2020-12-08T09:36
at 2020-12-08T09:36

By Heather
at 2020-12-12T20:43
at 2020-12-12T20:43

By Brianna
at 2020-12-13T11:12
at 2020-12-13T11:12

By Yuri
at 2020-12-15T19:44
at 2020-12-15T19:44

By Adele
at 2020-12-17T17:41
at 2020-12-17T17:41

By Rebecca
at 2020-12-20T16:16
at 2020-12-20T16:16

By Hedda
at 2020-12-25T07:44
at 2020-12-25T07:44

By Puput
at 2020-12-28T13:13
at 2020-12-28T13:13

By Harry
at 2020-12-31T13:51
at 2020-12-31T13:51

By Gilbert
at 2021-01-02T01:18
at 2021-01-02T01:18

By Necoo
at 2021-01-03T01:30
at 2021-01-03T01:30

By Sarah
at 2021-01-07T14:25
at 2021-01-07T14:25

By Brianna
at 2021-01-09T05:20
at 2021-01-09T05:20

By Ethan
at 2021-01-10T04:31
at 2021-01-10T04:31

By Zora
at 2021-01-13T07:58
at 2021-01-13T07:58

By Iris
at 2021-01-15T06:35
at 2021-01-15T06:35

By Jacky
at 2021-01-19T08:12
at 2021-01-19T08:12

By Quintina
at 2021-01-23T18:12
at 2021-01-23T18:12

By James
at 2021-01-28T04:23
at 2021-01-28T04:23

By Liam
at 2021-02-01T10:03
at 2021-02-01T10:03

By Oscar
at 2021-02-05T03:55
at 2021-02-05T03:55

By Ingrid
at 2021-02-06T08:41
at 2021-02-06T08:41

By Mason
at 2021-02-11T07:20
at 2021-02-11T07:20

By Isla
at 2021-02-12T18:43
at 2021-02-12T18:43

By Liam
at 2021-02-14T15:31
at 2021-02-14T15:31

By Hedda
at 2021-02-18T18:09
at 2021-02-18T18:09

By Blanche
at 2021-02-20T08:54
at 2021-02-20T08:54

By Candice
at 2021-02-21T07:22
at 2021-02-21T07:22

By David
at 2021-02-21T16:44
at 2021-02-21T16:44

By Heather
at 2021-02-24T14:12
at 2021-02-24T14:12

By Lucy
at 2021-02-25T19:40
at 2021-02-25T19:40

By Mia
at 2021-02-26T23:10
at 2021-02-26T23:10

By Edith
at 2021-03-03T19:53
at 2021-03-03T19:53

By Faithe
at 2021-03-07T03:54
at 2021-03-07T03:54

By Elvira
at 2021-03-09T20:50
at 2021-03-09T20:50

By Ethan
at 2021-03-13T20:06
at 2021-03-13T20:06

By Una
at 2021-03-18T20:02
at 2021-03-18T20:02

By Zanna
at 2021-03-20T00:31
at 2021-03-20T00:31

By Victoria
at 2021-03-22T19:17
at 2021-03-22T19:17

By Genevieve
at 2021-03-27T05:28
at 2021-03-27T05:28

By Zanna
at 2021-03-27T18:13
at 2021-03-27T18:13

By Blanche
at 2021-03-30T11:23
at 2021-03-30T11:23

By Blanche
at 2021-04-01T11:49
at 2021-04-01T11:49

By Blanche
at 2021-04-05T19:44
at 2021-04-05T19:44

By Necoo
at 2021-04-06T20:08
at 2021-04-06T20:08

By Emma
at 2021-04-11T00:30
at 2021-04-11T00:30

By Joe
at 2021-04-13T14:53
at 2021-04-13T14:53

By Donna
at 2021-04-14T09:22
at 2021-04-14T09:22

By Agnes
at 2021-04-18T22:31
at 2021-04-18T22:31

By Hedy
at 2021-04-19T20:03
at 2021-04-19T20:03

By Joseph
at 2021-04-24T07:31
at 2021-04-24T07:31

By Caitlin
at 2021-04-26T01:02
at 2021-04-26T01:02

By Tom
at 2021-04-29T14:51
at 2021-04-29T14:51

By Dora
at 2021-05-04T12:33
at 2021-05-04T12:33

By Sarah
at 2021-05-05T18:42
at 2021-05-05T18:42

By Una
at 2021-05-10T04:26
at 2021-05-10T04:26

By Agnes
at 2021-05-10T08:03
at 2021-05-10T08:03

By Heather
at 2021-05-14T17:57
at 2021-05-14T17:57

By Lily
at 2021-05-19T17:20
at 2021-05-19T17:20

By Jake
at 2021-05-21T21:37
at 2021-05-21T21:37

By Leila
at 2021-05-22T05:45
at 2021-05-22T05:45

By Cara
at 2021-05-24T22:05
at 2021-05-24T22:05

By Ethan
at 2021-05-28T03:15
at 2021-05-28T03:15

By Olivia
at 2021-05-29T13:47
at 2021-05-29T13:47

By Ursula
at 2021-06-02T10:42
at 2021-06-02T10:42

By Sarah
at 2021-06-05T01:29
at 2021-06-05T01:29

By Rae
at 2021-06-07T12:39
at 2021-06-07T12:39

By Mia
at 2021-06-12T01:31
at 2021-06-12T01:31
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By Audriana
at 2021-06-12T05:04
at 2021-06-12T05:04

By Donna
at 2021-06-16T02:03
at 2021-06-16T02:03
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By Tristan Cohan
at 2021-06-20T04:34
at 2021-06-20T04:34
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By Rosalind
at 2021-06-20T12:00
at 2021-06-20T12:00

By Gilbert
at 2021-06-21T01:16
at 2021-06-21T01:16
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By Thomas
at 2021-06-25T15:12
at 2021-06-25T15:12
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By Isabella
at 2021-06-30T07:27
at 2021-06-30T07:27

By Lydia
at 2021-06-30T18:36
at 2021-06-30T18:36
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By Olga
at 2021-07-02T11:51
at 2021-07-02T11:51
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By Edwina
at 2021-07-04T06:17
at 2021-07-04T06:17
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By Wallis
at 2021-07-07T22:23
at 2021-07-07T22:23

By Michael
at 2021-07-07T23:48
at 2021-07-07T23:48
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By Skylar Davis
at 2021-07-09T02:07
at 2021-07-09T02:07

By Lily
at 2021-07-13T19:30
at 2021-07-13T19:30

By Xanthe
at 2021-07-14T10:00
at 2021-07-14T10:00
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By Belly
at 2021-07-15T10:18
at 2021-07-15T10:18
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By Agnes
at 2021-07-16T02:08
at 2021-07-16T02:08
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By Yuri
at 2021-07-16T03:09
at 2021-07-16T03:09

By Harry
at 2021-07-17T08:33
at 2021-07-17T08:33

By Franklin
at 2021-07-19T03:07
at 2021-07-19T03:07

By Callum
at 2021-07-23T14:17
at 2021-07-23T14:17

By Caroline
at 2021-07-23T17:27
at 2021-07-23T17:27

By Ophelia
at 2021-07-28T12:17
at 2021-07-28T12:17

By Suhail Hany
at 2021-07-28T16:52
at 2021-07-28T16:52

By Agnes
at 2021-07-29T15:47
at 2021-07-29T15:47

By Enid
at 2021-08-01T08:52
at 2021-08-01T08:52

By Tom
at 2021-08-02T03:24
at 2021-08-02T03:24

By John
at 2021-08-02T10:44
at 2021-08-02T10:44
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By Leila
at 2021-08-06T15:38
at 2021-08-06T15:38
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By Victoria
at 2021-08-07T06:40
at 2021-08-07T06:40
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By Noah
at 2021-08-08T01:25
at 2021-08-08T01:25
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By Elvira
at 2021-08-11T18:42
at 2021-08-11T18:42
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By Sierra Rose
at 2021-08-15T13:53
at 2021-08-15T13:53
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By Dora
at 2021-08-16T14:14
at 2021-08-16T14:14
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By Xanthe
at 2021-08-18T06:50
at 2021-08-18T06:50
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By Jessica
at 2021-08-20T21:30
at 2021-08-20T21:30
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By Gilbert
at 2021-08-25T13:35
at 2021-08-25T13:35
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By Erin
at 2021-08-25T20:15
at 2021-08-25T20:15
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By Ina
at 2021-08-28T05:50
at 2021-08-28T05:50

By Erin
at 2021-08-31T00:02
at 2021-08-31T00:02
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By Vanessa
at 2021-09-02T21:54
at 2021-09-02T21:54
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By Regina
at 2021-09-07T20:27
at 2021-09-07T20:27
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By James
at 2021-09-11T20:16
at 2021-09-11T20:16
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By Elizabeth
at 2021-09-16T18:53
at 2021-09-16T18:53

By Isla
at 2021-09-17T13:05
at 2021-09-17T13:05
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By Lily
at 2021-09-22T11:41
at 2021-09-22T11:41
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at 2021-09-25T10:44
at 2021-09-25T10:44
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By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2021-09-29T01:49
at 2021-09-29T01:49
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By Hedy
at 2021-10-01T14:54
at 2021-10-01T14:54
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By Brianna
at 2021-10-05T15:49
at 2021-10-05T15:49
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By Odelette
at 2021-10-06T02:55
at 2021-10-06T02:55
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By Yuri
at 2021-10-09T19:34
at 2021-10-09T19:34
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By Una
at 2021-10-14T15:56
at 2021-10-14T15:56
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By Sarah
at 2021-10-17T11:08
at 2021-10-17T11:08
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By Lucy
at 2021-10-21T16:30
at 2021-10-21T16:30
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By Puput
at 2021-10-22T11:13
at 2021-10-22T11:13
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By Hardy
at 2021-10-25T02:47
at 2021-10-25T02:47
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By Agnes
at 2021-10-27T19:04
at 2021-10-27T19:04
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By Enid
at 2021-11-01T11:30
at 2021-11-01T11:30
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at 2021-11-06T04:22
at 2021-11-06T04:22
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By Quintina
at 2021-11-08T08:00
at 2021-11-08T08:00
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By Frederic
at 2021-11-10T19:17
at 2021-11-10T19:17
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By Sierra Rose
at 2021-11-15T09:13
at 2021-11-15T09:13
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By Hedda
at 2021-11-18T13:11
at 2021-11-18T13:11
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By Carol
at 2021-11-20T14:40
at 2021-11-20T14:40
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By Hedwig
at 2021-11-21T19:46
at 2021-11-21T19:46
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By Jack
at 2021-11-25T00:45
at 2021-11-25T00:45
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at 2021-11-25T22:09
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By Christine
at 2021-11-28T06:03
at 2021-11-28T06:03
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at 2021-11-28T10:06
at 2021-11-28T10:06
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at 2021-12-08T01:42
at 2021-12-08T01:42
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at 2021-12-08T20:12
at 2021-12-08T20:12
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at 2021-12-10T00:16
at 2021-12-10T00:16
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at 2021-12-13T14:18
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at 2021-12-16T17:27
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at 2021-12-17T13:09
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at 2021-12-17T23:02
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at 2021-12-20T01:09
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at 2021-12-25T15:19
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at 2021-12-27T14:08
at 2021-12-27T14:08
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By Cara
at 2019-05-12T16:26
at 2019-05-12T16:26