大法官不受理戴立紳案 司改會:錯失保護 - 公職
By Andy
at 2022-06-03T13:31
at 2022-06-03T13:31
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https://udn.com/news/story/7321/6360302
大法官不受理戴立紳案 司改會:錯失保護揭弊者機會
111-06-02 聯合報/ 記者蔣永佑/臺北即時報導
憲法法庭以八:七一票之差,決議不受理「吹哨者」新竹縣家畜疾病防治所前技士戴立紳案。民間司法改革基金會指出,憲法法庭錯過藉由此案對揭弊者保護制度改善及個案救濟的憲法審查機會,不受理的理由淪為例稿,也突顯出現行《公務人員任用法》依舊欠缺對揭弊者的保護機制。
戴立紳九十四至一〇五年任職於新竹縣家畜疾病防治所期間,因長官不斷要求他作假帳公費私用,於是向廉政署自首擔任吹哨者,提供有力證據協助檢廉調查。法官審理戴立紳貪污案時,肯定他不畏壓力檢舉,判決他免刑確定,戴男卻因該判決遭新竹縣政府免職且永不任用,民間司改會為此聲請大法官解釋,憲法法庭卻依據戴男未充分說明服公職權受侵害及未區分有罪態樣兩大理由不予受理。
司改會指出,現行《公務人員任用法》規定,只要公務員有貪污行為,經有罪判決者即應免職,但如此對於揭弊者保護只給予刑罰上的減免,卻無法保有公務員身分,顯然與國家鼓勵公務員自首揭弊的精神相衝突,也違反比例原則,可能造成公務員為保住飯碗而噤聲不敢揭弊的結果,至今無論《公務人員任用法》或延宕已久的《揭弊者保護法》草案,均未對此不公平的制度規劃進行相對應的立法改良。
司改會也認為,憲法法庭錯失了藉由此案對揭弊者保護的制度改善及個案救濟的憲法審查機會,甚至多數大法官對於該案聲請書的理由並未具體回應,僅以例稿式的抽象理由裁定不受理,錯失實質審理該案觸碰憲法議題的機會。
這點從當中有兩份大法官不同意見書,均指出該案具備憲法上原則重要性,且現行受緩刑宣告者緩刑期滿依然可服公職,完全免除刑責的免刑宣告卻一律只能免職,均是值得討論的議題,若戴立紳案能進入憲法法庭審查,相信也能推動相關立法進度。
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民進黨立法委員幫陳水扁修法除罪很積極,保障揭弊公務員的修法不是很急迫,就再看看囉。
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