聯電踩紅線!禁售令全面生效後 美控福建 - 離職
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By Kyle
at 2018-11-02T14:04
at 2018-11-02T14:04
Table of Contents
聯電踩紅線!禁售令全面生效後 美控福建晉華與聯電竊美光機密
信傳媒 邱立玲
發布時間 : 2018年11月2日08:37
更新時間 : 2018年11月2日10:32
在中國電信設備商中興通訊被美國禁售關鍵晶片、零組件和技術,因而差點倒閉之後,美
國故技重施,對中國大力扶植的半導體廠商「福建晉華」同樣施以「禁售絕招」,引來中
共黨媒《環球時報》社評警告「打擊晉華大概不會是美方對中國技術封鎖出的最後一招」
。
沒錯,「像鯊魚聞到獵物流血的味道」,美國對中國半導體自主大夢的打擊會是一波波的
「追殺行動」,最新消息指出,美國司法部長塞申斯宣布,控告中國國營福建晉華公司和
台彎的聯華電子公司與3名個人,共謀竊取美國美光科技公司商業機密,估計價值達87.5
億美元(約台幣2690億元)。
美國商務部29日宣佈以危害國家安全為由將晉華集成電路列入實體清單(Entity List)
,該禁令於美國時間30日生效。
晉華總經理陳正坤收到美國聯邦法院傳票
美國禁售令有多重目的,第一,美光曾控告晉華盜取智產權,美國為受到委屈的美光「討
回公道」,今年年初福建晉華在中國狀告美光侵權,勝訴而要求美光賠款1億多美元,俗
語說的好:「耍流氓是要付出代價的」,現在晉華要加倍奉還了,首先是跳槽至晉華的前
聯電資深副總裁、美光的離職員工跳槽到聯電或福建晉華公司等主管正面臨美國司法追殺
。
在禁令生效前,美國已經盯上晉華跟聯電了,《鏡周刊》報導稱,司法機關知情人士指出
,10月19日深夜,福建晉華公司總經理陳正坤才剛降落桃園機場時,法務部官員受美國司
法部之託,將美國聯邦法院傳票交給陳正坤,由於陳曾是聯電資深副總,此舉等同宣佈美
光對聯電全面發動司法大戰,恐已從國內的一般刑案訴訟升級到美國聯邦經濟間諜罪的刑
事層級,台美兩地追殺聯電。
美國三大半導體設備商全面撤出晉華
更嚴重的是,美國禁售令在10月30日生效當天,美國三大半導體設備供應商全面撤出晉華
,建晉華的技術開發方31日全部叫停 DRAM計畫,晉華沒有美國的設備、沒有材料,生產
面臨巨幅萎縮。
根據《emTech China》報導,美國三大半導體設備商應用材料、 Lam Research、 Axceli
s 在禁令實施當天就立刻撤出福建晉華的12吋廠,而福建晉華的DRAM技術開發合作方台灣
聯電也在10 月 31日正式表態,決定停止該 DRAM 開發計畫。
論起自主研發存儲晶片,DRAM 專案其實比 NAND Flash 項目更為困難且敏感。全球可以
生產 NAND Flash 晶片的供應商還有 5 ~ 6 家,但全球有能力生產 DRAM 的供應商卻只
剩下三星電子、SK 海力士(SK Hynix)、美光三家,可想而知這三家大廠會將 DRAM 技
術列入保護的最高等級。美國這次將福建晉華列為出口管制清單企業,也反映美國對於 D
RAM 技術保護的程度。
中國在全球DRAM市場占有率掛零
正是因為DRAM技術如此重要,美國才會對晉華實施禁令,來嚴密保護美光,這是第二個目
的,美國要讓中國存儲廠商在DRAM市場的佔有率一直「掛零蛋」,徹底粉碎中國DRAM自主
研發計畫的大夢。
據集邦科技的數據,2018年第一季全球三大DRAM龍頭三星、海力士、美光的市場佔有率合
計高達95.4%。更有調研機構統計出中國消耗了全球55%的半導體晶片,而中國目前的晶片
自給率不足20%,80%晶片仰賴進口,因此,晶片成為中國進口最大宗商品,去年晶片進
口額達2,601億美元。
--
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