逃出中國最大半導體騙局 蔣尚義:我在武 - 工程師
By Daph Bay
at 2020-11-20T11:22
at 2020-11-20T11:22
Table of Contents
逃出中國最大半導體騙局 蔣尚義:我在武漢弘芯的經歷根本是場噩夢
中國為建立芯片供應的自主,近年來以舉國之力發展半導體產業,卻催生被稱為「中國最
大半導體騙局」的武漢弘芯,該公司今年因財務問題嚴重,確定被中國地方政府接管,再
度顯示中國在追求自產晶片這條路上的挫敗。而「武漢弘芯」去年才高薪挖角大批台積電
員工,還延攬前台積電共同營運長蔣尚義擔任執行長,如今因為瀕臨破產、公司營運陷入
停擺,連被視為是弘芯招牌的前執行長蔣尚義都對此坦言「根本是場噩夢」。
武漢弘芯2017年11月成立後,號稱擁有1280億元人民幣(約5500億元台幣)投資項目,並
宣稱「擁有14奈米製程邏輯晶片的自主研發技術,會在一年後拿下7奈米製程」,在中國
半導體產業聲名大噪,隨後2018年、2019年入選湖北省重大專案,但在2020年被移出。今
年6、7月陸續有武漢弘芯爆發財務問題的消息傳出,後來武漢市東西湖區官方回應民眾提
問,證實武漢弘芯二期工程用地未完成土地調規和出讓,且專案缺少土地、環評等支撐材
料,更有積欠大筆款項,導致國家大基金等中國官方投資機構無法倒入資金。
武漢弘芯在2019年大動作延攬原本在中國晶圓代工龍頭中芯國際擔任獨董的蔣尚義,傳出
更開出3到4倍薪水挖角百名台積電工程師。而當年底風光舉行首台高階ASML光刻設備進廠
儀式,聲稱將用來生產7奈米的光刻機台,並耗資200億美元建廠,預計建成14奈米製程生
產線,震撼半導體業界。但後來的資料揭露,這台EUV機台早被拿來抵押債務,蔣尚義今
年8月也曾向《南華早報》透露,他沒有注意到武漢弘芯財務困難的程度之大,一直到武
漢當地政府7月發佈報告揭露其財務困境,他才注意到這項問題,但該檔案後來被火速刪
除。
根據《南華早報》報導,中國數據網站天眼彙編的最新公司註冊紀錄顯示,武漢弘芯半導
體製造公司(HSMC)已經被湖北省武漢市政府接管,由武漢市東西湖區政府的國家資產監
督管理委員會完全控制,武漢弘芯正式被中國官方接管。而蔣尚義已在6月提出辭呈,傳
出返美的消息。《南華早報》透過LinkedIn聯繫蔣尚義,他回應:「非常不幸的!我在武
漢弘芯的經歷根本是場噩夢,真的很難用幾句話去形容。」蔣尚義拒絕接受完整採訪,但
只證實他已經請辭在武漢弘芯的職務,並在7月離開大陸前往美國。
蔣尚義2019年出任武漢弘芯執行長,他曾表示是基於不和台積電競爭的前提,但後來又坦
言要帶領弘芯做先進製程,一度引發爭議。如今他閃辭武漢弘芯的過程,讓不少半導體業
界人士感嘆他「一時不察,賠上聲譽」。而蔣尚義在台積電擔任研發副總時立下多個里程
碑,特別是蔣尚義從美國延攬發明浸潤式微影技術的前台積電研發副總經理林本堅,打造
台積電自主研發能力,包含0.25至0.13微米及90、65奈米世代、20奈米到16奈米FinFET架
構,可說台積現有的堅強實力,靠這兩員大將前後打下基礎。
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