嗯...兩位的似乎都有點問題。
這應該是一篇語言學的文章,所以還是得先看術語的定義。
utterance的定義應該如這網頁所示:
http://tinyurl.com/65bqjt
所以utterance其實可以直接翻成「話語」。
(其實語言學中應該有相對應的翻法,不過我太久沒摸語言學了= =")
另外,tap question查不到,我剛剛一下看成tag question。
等我查查看,晚點再來改。
試譯如下:
許多話語在要求「是」或「不是」之類的答案,
其實要的並不是資訊;回應會是哪一個走向,其實完全可以預測,
如果有個孩子給了出乎意料的回應,一定會讓人覺得矛盾。
文法形式與語用功能之間,雖然無法一一對應,
但是我們常會看到有人用tap question形式的話語,
或是帶有質問語調的敘述句,來徵求(對方的)同意。
: -------------------------------------------------
: Many utterances that solicit a "Yes" or "No" answer do not,
: however, solicit information;
: the polarity of the response is entirely predictable,
: to the extent that there would be a definite sense of contradiction
: if the child gave an unexpected response.
: Although there is no one-to-one correspondence between grammatical
: form and pragmatic function,
: it is common to see utterances with the form of tap questions
: or declarativces with questioning intonation used to solicit acknowledgment
: (Bishop et al, 1998).
請指正。
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