余光中〈怎樣改進英式中文〉8 - 翻譯
By Olga
at 2009-05-29T12:30
at 2009-05-29T12:30
Table of Contents
中文的西化有重有輕,有暗有明,但其範圍愈益擴大,其現象愈益昭彰,
頗有加速之勢。以上僅就名詞、連接詞、介詞、副詞、形容詞、動詞等西
化之病稍加分析,希望讀者能舉一反三,知所防範。
常有樂觀的人士說,語言是活的,有如河流,不能阻其前進,所謂西化乃
必然趨勢。語言誠然是活的,但應該活得健康,不應帶病延年。至於河流
的比喻,也不能忘了兩岸,否則氾濫也會成災。西化的趨勢當然也無可避
免,但不宜太快、太甚,應該截長補短,而非以短害長。
也有前衛作家不以杞人之憂為然,認為堅持中文的常規,會妨礙作家的創
新。這句話我十分同情,因為我也是「過來人」了。「語法豈為我輩而設
哉!」詩人本有越界的自由。我在本文強調中文的生態,原為一般寫作說
法,無意規範文學的創作。前衛作家大可放心去追逐繆思,不用礙手礙腳
,作語法之奴。
不過有一點不可不知。中文發展了好幾千年,從清通到高妙,自有千錘百
鍊的一套常態。誰要是不知常態為何物而貿然自詡為求變,其結果也許只
是獻拙,而非生巧。變化之妙,要有常態襯托才顯得出來。一旦常態不存
,餘下的只是亂,不是變了。
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