2008.07.04 - 翻譯
By Elvira
at 2008-07-05T15:58
at 2008-07-05T15:58
Table of Contents
文章太龐大了,部份恕刪orz
文章滿長的,希望大家可以幫我看一下我的推論有沒有問題 ^^a
※ 引述《RookieRun (Lea Salonga)》之銘言:
: 如果是這樣呢:
: I believe that people believe what they believe (that) they believe.
請問你的意思和我第一種說法一樣嗎? 我不是很確定
I believe that people believe the thing (that they believe) that they believe.
(what我改成the thing that方便說明),之前省略了that,沒寫上去XD
還是你把what當作疑問代名詞?
: 我英文文法很差,
: 所以我也不敢說believe在文法上是不是一定要有受詞,
: 不過印象中我有看過它沒接受詞直接用耶。
: 所以就會變成:
: believe(2)的受詞是what people believe that they believe
: believe(3)的受詞是that they believe
: believe(4)我不能肯定是它不需要受詞,或者是就跟(2)同一個受詞:what
同一個受詞這我倒沒想過,不曉得你是指在什麼結構下共用受詞?
按照你的說法,再假設believe必須要有受詞,我推測可能會有下面幾種情況:
情況一:把what當關係代名詞 &that they believe(4)作名詞
就跟我的第一種說法是一樣的,
people believe(2) the thing N子句(that they believe(4).
ps. that they believe (3)不重要,我省略方便閱讀
這種情況下似乎沒有辦法共用受詞,看下面這個例子會更清楚:
people like the thing that they believe
(that they believe會是形容詞子句,而非名詞子句)
這種情況沒辦法成立共用受詞,所以believe(4)會缺受詞,出局。
情況二:把what當關代 & that they believe(4)作形容詞子句
我有想過二個情況:
1. 把that they believe(4)用來修飾the thing,
但用二個一模一樣的詞-- that they believe(3) & that they believe(4)
修飾同一個東西會有意義嗎XDDD
何況如果一個名詞由2個形容詞子句來修飾的話,應該會用連接詞。
出局!!
2. 把that they believe(4)用來修飾 that they believe(3)的關代that,
deep structure:
people believe the thing they believe that(甲) that (乙) they believe
-->that(甲)往前搬成為surface strucutre:
people believe the thing that(甲) they believe that(乙) they believe.
雖然少見但文法合理,也能解釋我第一篇文章第二種說法不能解釋的what在前面的現象,
語意也比那種說法合邏輯 (ps.我原翻法其實沒有按照我自己的說法翻譯,有誤,已修正)
可譯成:人們相信他們相信自己所相信的事。
人們相信的是"事",而非"他們相信自己所相信的事",
語意有沒有符合作者原意?我頭已經繞到暈了看不出來@@
情況三:把what當疑問代名詞"什麼"&that the believe(4) 當名詞子句,
我想這種情況應該比較符合R大的說法。
會變成people believe that {N子句 what they believe (N子句-that they believe)}
若they believe(3)的受詞是what,那that they believe(4)便沒有受詞;
或是像R大說的believe(3)&believe(4)的受詞都是what,
那believe(3)就出現了二個受詞--what & that they believe,
句子deep strucure是:they believe(3) what that they believe(4),
再加上它的語意也不太合理(what當疑問代名詞意思是"什麼"),這種情況好像也有問題。
EX:I want what she ate. 我想吃她吃的(食物)-->關係代名詞用法
I didn't know what she ate. 我不知道她吃了什麼-->疑問代名詞用法
情況四:what當疑問代名詞"什麼" & that they believe(4)當形容詞子句
會變成people believe that {N子句 what they believe (ADJ子句that they believe)}
believe(3)受詞為what,
belielve(4)受詞為關係代名詞that,that作受詞可省略,整個形容詞子句用來修飾what。
事實上,我沒有看過這種用法,文法上似乎是合理的,
雖然唸起來有點怪,但不無有可能,
ex: I didn't know what the girl ate that the boy cooked.
-->deep structure: the girl ate what that the boy cooked.
這種情況解決了我第一篇文章裡的第二種想法中的缺失,
也就是在I believe that people believe that they believe what they believe這句中
我無法解釋what為什麼會前移而形成Ogden Nash原文的
I believe that people believe what they believe the believe,
可是這種情況,從語意方面看有點問題,
deep structure: people believe that they believe what that they believe
譯成:人們相信他們相信自己相信的什麼。
寫完這篇文章後我想推翻我上一篇的說法,
我原本是認為I believe that believe that they believe(3) what they believe(4).
把that they believe(3)當名詞子句& that believe(4)當名詞子句
改成把what當關代 & that they believe(4)作形容詞子句修飾what.....
: 有沒有對這方面有研究的人指點一下,
: 我自己會傾向於兩者文法皆可,而文義相同。
: 翻法2的英文會不會是:
: I believe that people believe that they belive they belive?
翻法2我是用最原始的句子下去翻的耶XDD
"我認為,人們相信一件事,那就是他們相信自己所相信的"
不過我翻回英文應該是:
I believe people believe that they believe what they believe.
what亂跑XDD
: 我相信是類似推文的版友們講的,
: 不過推文的那句批判性比較強烈,
: (印象中我比較常看到那句,
: 也有可能我的理解是被它先入為主影響了也不一定),
我後來有去查 Ogden Nash的原文Seeing Eye to Eye is Believing,節錄部份:
I believe that people believe what they believe they believe.
When people reject a truth or an untruth it is not
because it is a truth or an untruth that they reject it.
No, if it isn’t in accord with their beliefs in the first place
they simply say, “Nothing doing,”and refuse to inspect it.
所以推文說得沒錯~
--
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